The basic components of a lawn irrigation system include the irrigation controller, pipes, irrigation heads, and the irrigation or sprinkler system valves. Irrigation valves control the flow of water to the irrigation system. Each valve is responsible for one area, or zone, of the lawn irrigation system.

Automatic irrigation valves work by electricity. Wires lead from the irrigation controller, or timer, to each of the the valves. A solenoid on the valve receives electric signals from the main controller. To locate irrigation valves, one usually needs to determine which wire leads to which valve from the main controller.

Inside the valve is a diaphragm, or rubber plug. When the solenoid receives the signal from the controller, it tells the diaphragm to open, allowing water to flow through the pipes, or close, to shut off the flow of water. Damage to the wiring or solenoid can cause the valves to fail.

Lawn irrigation valves may be above ground, but often the irrigation valves are placed in a valve box and buried, making it difficult to find lost valves.

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